Introduction Organ failure is a major cause of illness and death across medical conditions. In particular, primary failure of the bone marrow can result in various cytopenias. Aplastic anemia is…
Introduction For patients with end-stage renal disease, kidney transplantation (KT) is considered the gold standard of care. Furthermore, receiving a pre-emptive KT has been shown to improve recipient and graft…
Introduction Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is becoming more prevalent as the population ages and increasing risk factors such as hypertension, arteriosclerosis, and obesity multiply. Renal dysfunction raises the risk of…
Introduction Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) is a type of degraded DNA that is released largely by apoptotic cells. Circulating cfDNA (Cir-cfDNA) provides a real-time window into the physiology and pathophysiology of…
Introduction Many kidney disorders are treated with corticosteroids, and immunosuppressive treatment following renal transplantation typically involves prednisolone. Secondary adrenal insufficiency (AI) due to long-term glucocorticoid prescription in patients on hemodialysis…
Introduction According to the latest estimates, more than 320 million patients are treated with dialysis worldwide According to the most recent estimates, dialysis is used to treat over 320 million…
Introduction Only a few therapies have been identified as effective in preventing the advancement of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and the requirement for dialysis. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor…
Introduction Renal transplantation has become the most effective treatment for end-stage renal illness, although severe instances might result in renal allograft function loss owing to rejection and surgical complications. The…
Introduction Kidney disease, both acute and chronic, is a major cause of illness and mortality in the world. Dysregulated immune responses are thought to have a key role in the…
Introduction Chronic kidney transplant rejection (CKTR) is defined as a gradual loss of renal graft function that begins one year after transplantation and is frequently accompanied by hypertension and proteinuria.…
