Introduction Cadmium exposure is linked to chronic kidney disease (CKD), however the best biomarker for detecting early cadmium-related nephrotoxicity in low-level exposure has yet to be identified. We used enzyme-linked…
Introduction The American Diabetes Association (ADA) “Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes” includes the ADA’s current clinical practice recommendations and is intended to provide the components of diabetes care, general…
Introduction Sodium-23 magnetic resonance imaging (23Na MRI) allows the measurement of skin sodium concentration ([Na+]). In patients requiring dialysis, no data are available relating to the clinical outcomes associated with…
Introduction The incidence of end-stage renal disease continues to rise worldwide, and the future demand for kidney replacement therapy is predicted to rise. Automated peritoneal dialysis (APD) is an increasingly…
