Introduction Kidney transplantation improves quality of life, morbidity, and mortality of patients with kidney failure. However, integrated immunosuppressive therapy required to preserve graft function is associated with the development of…

Introduction Organ transplantation remains the ultimate treatment option for terminal organ failure. However, there is a substantial organ shortage because there is a greater demand for organs than there are…

Introduction The most frequent side effects in those who have had kidney transplants (KTx) are urinary tract infections (UTIs). Asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) is the most frequent finding in this group…

Introduction Transplant results are less successful when donors and recipients are HLA incompatible. Histocompatibility labs evaluate immunological risk primarily through serologic and cell-based testing. HLA-incompatible transplants have been defined in…

Introduction The number of people receiving kidney transplants who have end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is rising. Long-term allograft survival is generally stable, despite improvements in short-term allograft survival. The optimal…

Abstract Failure of the allograft is a typical occurrence in kidney transplant patients. Complex management decisions are frequently required when a transplant fails, such as when and how to wean…

Introduction Patients with end-stage renal disease are currently treated definitively with kidney transplants (ESKD). Kidney transplantation is linked to lower mortality and better quality of life as compared to dialysis.…

Introduction Due to the optimal results obtained in kidney transplantation and to the lack of interest of the industries, new innovative drugs in kidney transplantation are difficult to be encountered.…

Introduction While advances in immunosuppression and transplant techniques have significantly increased the short-term survival of solid organ transplant recipients, long-term graft and patient outcomes still need to be improved in…