Introduction Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a key cytokine driving inflammation across multiple organ systems. Sarilumab (SAR), a fully human IL-6 receptor antibody, binds both monomeric and dimeric IL-6Rα with ~20 times…
Introduction The treatment of autoimmune rheumatic diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and lupus has advanced with the use of disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs), leading to improved…
Introduction Inflammatory arthritis encompasses a range of immune-mediated joint disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA), which lead to chronic joint damage and systemic complications. Despite advancements…
Introduction Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease that causes persistent joint inflammation, leading to pain, stiffness, and eventual cartilage and bone destruction. The disease affects joints symmetrically and…
Introduction Tocilizumab (TCZ), a monoclonal antibody targeting the IL-6 receptor, has become a cornerstone therapy in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) management. It effectively reduces inflammation and joint damage by inhibiting IL-6…
Introduction Healthcare inequality remains a significant challenge, affecting treatment access and clinical outcomes for various patient groups. In rheumatoid arthritis (RA), disparities in the initiation of biological and targeted synthetic…
Introduction High-throughput technologies have revolutionized the understanding of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), revealing new molecular and cellular pathways in tissue inflammation. Fibroblasts, long studied in RA, have gained renewed attention as…
Introduction Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease that causes inflammation in the joints, leading to pain, stiffness, and progressive disability. It affects nearly 2% of the global population,…
Introduction Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting about 1% of the population, mainly women, and significantly increases cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, shortening lifespan by 5–18 years. Despite…
Introduction (Article introduction authored by Conquest Editorial Team) Seropositive rheumatoid arthritis (RA) arises from a complex interplay of genetic and environmental factors, with most patients having no family history of…
