Introduction Calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs), particularly tacrolimus, have long been the cornerstone of maintenance immunosuppression following liver transplantation (LT). While effective in preventing graft rejection, CNIs

Introduction Calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs), primarily tacrolimus, are widely used as standard maintenance immunosuppressants in liver transplant (LT) recipients. However, their long-term use is often associated

Introduction Tocilizumab (TCZ), a monoclonal antibody targeting the IL-6 receptor, has become a cornerstone therapy in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) management. It effectively reduces inflammation and

The study by Lee et al., published in Clinical and Molecular Hepatology, offers important insights into the long-term risks of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and

Introduction Healthcare inequality remains a significant challenge, affecting treatment access and clinical outcomes for various patient groups. In rheumatoid arthritis (RA), disparities in the initiation

Introduction High-throughput technologies have revolutionized the understanding of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), revealing new molecular and cellular pathways in tissue inflammation. Fibroblasts, long studied in RA,

Introduction Kidney transplantation (KT) remains the most common solid organ transplant, with over 25,000 procedures performed annually. Despite the increasing number of transplants, long-term graft

Introduction Intra-patient variability (IPV) in tacrolimus blood concentrations has emerged as a potential biomarker for managing organ transplant patients. This study explored the relationship between